Mughals was great in many aspects such as architecture, literature, science, administrative efficiency, etc. In Mughal period the literature was on peak.
Evolution of Indian Literature Urdu
- Urdu emerged as an independent langauge towards the end of the 4th century AD.
- The earliest Urdu poet is supposed to be Khusrau (1253-1325).
- He started writing as a poet in the reign of Sultan Balban and was a follower of Nizam ud-din Auliya.
- Babar and Humauan were lovers of literature.
- Babar was himself a great scholar of Persian .
- His book Tuzek-e-Babari which is highly esteemed by the Turkish Literature.
- Urdu literature started developing during the last days of the Mughal emperor
- This credit goes to Sir Sayyid Ahmed Khan and Mirza Galib.
- His compositions inspired the other urdu writer Mirza Galib, who was a famous poet of his time.
- Mirza Galib made an important contribution to uplift Urdu poetry
Evolution of Indian Literature Persian and Arabic
- Arabic and Persian were introduced in India with the coming of the Turks and the Mongols.
- Humayun got the treatise translated into Arabic.
- He too was a lover of learning and had establihsed a big Library. Humayun Nama, tops the books written in his times.
- Persian remained the court langage for many centuries. Urdu as a language was born out of the interaction between Hindi and Persian .
- Akbar was very fond of leaning. ‘Akbar Nama’, Sur Sagar, Ram Charitamanas are prominent among the books written during his time.
- Malik Muhammad Jayasi’s Padmavat and Keshav’s Ram Chandrika were also written during the same period.
- Jahangir greatly patronized literature.
Patronage for literature during various rulers has been given example Babur -> Humayun -> Akbar -> Salim -> Shah Jahan -> Aurangzeb -> later Mughals
Following are list of Books, their authors and context of book is given
| Title | Written By | Context |
| Tuzuk E Babari | Babar | About the Reign of Babar, Techniques used by armed forces and ruling system. |
| Akbar Nama | Sekh Abul Fazal | History at the time of Akbar. |
| Tuzuk E Zahangir | Mohammad Khan | History at the time of Zahangir. |
| Alamagir Nama | Munsi Miraz Muhammad Kazin | About the ruling system of Aurangazeeb. |
| Humayun Nama | Gulbadan Begum | About the ruling system at the reign of Humayun. |
| Tarikh E Akbari | Abul Fazal | About the Reign of Akbar. |
| Badshah Nama | Abdul Hamid | About the Reign of Shah Zahan. |
| Shahzahan Nama | Mohammad Sali | About the Reign of Shah Zahan. |
| Shahzahanama | Inaio Khan | About the Reign of Shah Zahan. |
| Tahakik E Hind | Albiruni | Albiruni was an Asian Pandit, who wrotes about Das Emperor. |
| Tarikh E Firozshah | Samsi | History of Tughlak’s. |
| Fatah Zahandari | Ziauddin | About the reign of Tughlak Emperor. |
| Tarikh E Firoz Shah | Baruni | About the reign of Firozshah Tughlak. |
| Khamas | Amir Khusro | Literature and poetries. |
| Shahnamh | Firdousi | About the reign period of Mohammad Ghazni. |
| Ain E Sikandari | Amir Khusro | Best book of Literature. |